What complication can occur due to poorly controlled diabetes?

Diabetic retinopathy is a common complication that occurs as a result of poorly controlled diabetes, especially in individuals with prolonged hyperglycemia. This condition arises from damage to the blood vessels in the retina, which can lead to vision problems and even blindness if left untreated. High blood sugar levels can cause these blood vessels to leak or become blocked, disrupting the normal blood supply and oxygen delivery to the retina. Over time, this damage progresses and may result in significant visual impairment.

While other complications such as sepsis, heart failure, and osteoporosis can also be associated with diabetes, they are not as directly linked to blood sugar control as diabetic retinopathy. Sepsis may result from infections that can occur in any individual, regardless of diabetes status. Heart failure can develop due to a variety of cardiovascular factors, and while diabetes increases risk, it is not a direct consequence of poor blood glucose management. Osteoporosis is influenced by a range of factors including hormonal changes and nutrition, and while diabetes can affect bone health, it is not a primary complication of poorly controlled blood glucose levels. Therefore, diabetic retinopathy stands out as a key complication specifically tied to the effects of unmanaged diabetes on the vascular system of the eyes.