What is the primary risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes?

The primary risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes is obesity. Excess body fat, particularly around the abdomen, is strongly linked to insulin resistance, which is a key component in the development of type 2 diabetes. When the body becomes resistant to insulin, it requires more insulin to keep blood glucose levels within a normal range. Over time, the pancreas may struggle to keep up with this increased demand, leading to elevated blood glucose levels and eventually diabetes.

Obesity can also lead to various metabolic changes, such as increased inflammation and changes in hormone production, which further contribute to insulin resistance. The prevalence of obesity in the population has been rising, paralleling an increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes, making it a critical public health concern.

While factors such as genetics, stress, and age also play a role in the risk for type 2 diabetes, obesity is often considered the most significant modifiable risk factor. Maintaining a healthy weight through diet and physical activity can significantly reduce the risk of developing this condition.