Which lifestyle factor is most associated with the development of Type 2 diabetes?

Obesity is a significant lifestyle factor associated with the development of Type 2 diabetes because it contributes to insulin resistance, a core issue in the pathophysiology of the disease. Excess body fat, particularly visceral fat stored around the abdomen, can affect the way the body processes glucose and uses insulin effectively. As body fat increases, the body's ability to use insulin deteriorates, leading to higher blood glucose levels and eventually, Type 2 diabetes.

In contrast, regular physical activity, high fruit and vegetable consumption, and low sugar intake are considered protective factors. Regular physical activity enhances insulin sensitivity, helping the body to better utilize glucose. Consuming a diet rich in fruits and vegetables is linked to lower risk of Type 2 diabetes due to their fiber content and various beneficial nutrients, which support overall health. Low sugar intake helps to prevent weight gain and manage blood glucose levels, further decreasing the risk of developing diabetes.