Which of the following are signs of diabetic ketoacidosis?

Fruity breath and rapid breathing are hallmark indicators of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). In DKA, a lack of insulin leads to the breakdown of fats for energy, resulting in the production of ketones. These ketones can accumulate in the blood, causing a state of acidosis. The fruity scent on the breath is specifically due to the presence of acetoacetate, a type of ketone. Rapid, deep breathing, known as Kussmaul respirations, occurs as the body attempts to compensate for the acidosis by blowing off carbon dioxide, thus increasing blood pH. This overall metabolic derangement exemplifies the body's response to severe insulin deficiency and the resultant hyperglycemia and ketosis, which are critical features of DKA.

While other options may present symptoms associated with diabetes or metabolic disturbances, they do not encapsulate the specific acute presentation characteristic of diabetic ketoacidosis as effectively as fruity breath and rapid breathing.