Why should a nurse monitor a client with Cushing syndrome for clinical indicators of diabetes mellitus?

Monitoring a client with Cushing syndrome for clinical indicators of diabetes mellitus is essential because glucocorticoids, which are elevated in this condition, accelerate gluconeogenesis. Gluconeogenesis is the process by which the liver generates glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, such as proteins. The increased production of glucose can lead to elevated blood sugar levels, a key factor in the development of diabetes mellitus.

Clients with Cushing syndrome often experience insulin resistance due to the high levels of glucocorticoids, which can inhibit the action of insulin and impair glucose uptake by the cells. As a result, these individuals are at increased risk of hyperglycemia and, consequently, diabetes mellitus. Regular monitoring allows for early intervention and management of any glucose metabolism abnormalities that may arise as a result of the hormonal changes associated with Cushing syndrome.